Paving-block.



No. 687,106. 'Patented nov. 19,1901.

D. W. ANDERSON.

PAVING BLOCK. (Application med mar. 29, 1901.)- A (No Modem. 2Sheets-Sheet I.

No. 687,|06. Patented Nov. |9,`|90I. D. W. ANDERSON.

PAVING BLUCK.

(Application tiled Mar. 29, 1901.)

2 Sheds-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

YH: uonms PEfEns ca.. PHoTo-Ln'no.. WASHINGTON. q.

ATENT rrrcs.

DAVID vWILEY ANDERSON, OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

PAVING-BLOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,106, dated November19, 1901.

Application tiled March 29, 1901.; Serial No. 53,484. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 'I,` DAVID WILEY ANDER- SON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Richmond, in the county of Henrico and State ofVirginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPaving-Blocks; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear,`

and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled inthe artto which it appertains to make and use; the` same,ret'- erence being had to the accompanying 'drawings, and to the lettersand gure'sfofy reference marked thereon, which forma part of thisspeciiication.

My present invention relates to combined ventilated and drainedbrick-tile pavingblocks for sidewalks, streets, iioors, and otherpurposes; and the objects ofthe same are to provide a paving-block ortile which will form a'sidewalk, floor, or pavement, havingprovision forthorough drainage and ventilation in order that said pavement orsidewalk will dry out in a very short time after being flooded with rainor covered with snow, ice, or slush.

In sidewalks as usually constructed there is no provision made forventilation or draining except at the surface, and in many instances thematerials of which the sidewalk is composed are more orless absorbent.As a result of the use ofsuch materials the walk soon becomes saturatedwith moisture and it takes a long time to dry out. Moreover, a thin filmof ice will form on the surface and render it dangerous for pedestrians.In my construction I contemplate a system of ventilation immediatelyunder the surface of the sidewalk in all directions and also provide fordraining the water through openings from the surface into the hollowdraining-passages, said draining-passages being inclined toward the curbor gutter to carry the water off rapidly and to permit air to circulatefreely in every direction to dry out all parts of the structure readilyafter a storm. I also provide a surface groove or channel which extendsfrom the inner edge of the sidewalk or pavement to the gutter to run offthe water, which would otherwise remain until dried up by external heator evaporation.

In carrying` outl my invention I utilize a brick tile of hollow orskeleton form, which may be provided with tongue-and-groove conthesurface of the tiles may be glazed to forml a surface nish or may beroughened for the application of concrete or an artificial-stonesurface.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l'is a transverse section takenthrough a portion of a sidewalk, door, or pavement.A Fig; 2 is a similarview showing a slightlymodified forni of tiling which I may use.

perspective view of a brick tile made in accordance with my invention.Fig. 4. is a transverse section through a sidewalk, curbstOne, andgutter and showing the manner l in which such structures are thoroughlyventilated and drained. Fig. 5 is an isometrical 3 view of asidewalk,showinga modified form of curbstone made of terra-cotta andprovided with Ventilating-openings and drainingconduits. Fig. 6 is asimilar view showing one form of metal curb which I may use. Fig. 7 isalso an isometrical View of a portion of a sidewalk, showing anotherform of metal curb `which I may utilize in connection with my bricktile.

In said drawings the numeral l designates my Ventilating and drainingtile or pavingblock provided with hollow or tubular conduits or passages2, extending longitudinally from end to end of the brick tile orpavingblock. As shown in the drawings, there may be one or more of suchpassages 2 through the t brick tile or block, and these openings may bearranged side by side orsuperposed one above the other, as foundthe mostconvenient or desirable, and may be of any suitable contour. Extendinglongitudinally on both sides of the tile or block are grooves 3,provided with a series of Ventilating-openings or air-ducts 4, saidopenings communicating with the draining or Ventilating passages orconduits 2, as illustrated. Tongues and grooves 5 6 may be formed on thesides of the brick tiles for giving stability to the structure whenlaid. The

. crete, or any suitable bed or support 8. A

concrete or other facing 9 may be applied to the face of the tile, ifdesired, in .which event the faces of the tiles may be roughened or Fig.3 is ay IOO grooved to anchor the material. In case the face of the tileis to be used as the surface of the sidewalk, floor, or pavement suchface may be glazed or vitrified, as will be understood, and when soformed the edges of the tiles may be beveled or recessed, as at l0.Longitudinal grooves or channels 11 are also formed on the surface ofthe tile to permit the surface-water to drain olf. As shown in Fig. 2, asmall tile l2 may be laid upon the concrete or cement 9.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the draining and Ventilatingconduits or passages 2 communicate with an opening 13, formed in thecurb or coping 14, thus permitting the water to flow into the gutter 15,the surface grooves or channels 11 also conveying water to said gutter.

As illustrated in Fig. 5, it will be seen that the terra-cotta curb etis provided with aseries of conduits or Ventilating-passages b and airducts or openings c communicating therewith. It is very desirable that acurb of this kind be used with my brick tile, as shown in the precedingfigures of the drawings.

Fig. 6 shows a metal curb provided with the curved portion cl, whichforms a hollow passage along the curb and has a common brick base e andVentilating-openingsf.

In Fig. 7 a plain metal beam having a supporting-liange g and openings71, is utilized.

From the foregoing it will be obvious that a sidewalk, door, or pavementconstructed as set forth will be thoroughly ventilated and drained andwill dry out in a very short time after a rain or other storm. Among themany advantages of such a structure may be mentioned the fact thatrepairs may be readily made, as broken or damaged tiles or blocks may bereplaced by new ones at a slight cost and Without skilled labor.

I do not wish to be limited to the exact details shown, as they may bevaried to some extent without departing from the spirit and scope of myinvention.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by LettersPatent is- 1. A brick or tile for paving or other purposes, having alongitudinal passage extending from end to end thereof, a grooveextending along each side of said brick or tile, and Verticalandhorizontal openings com n1 unicating with said passage through saidgrooves.

2. A brick or tile for paving or similar purposes, having longitudinalpassages extending from end to end thereof, a groove along each side,vertical openings, horizontal openings communicating with said passagesthrough the grooves, and a glazed or vitrifled surface having adraining-channel therein.

3. A brick or tile for paving and other purposes,comprisingahollow bodyprovided with air-passages communicating with the hollow portions, agroove along each side, and a tongue and groove for connecting thebrick.

4. A sidewalk, pavement or licor, having conduits or drain-passagesunder the surface, air-ducts communicating with said conduits,drain-channels, and draining-holes extending from said channels into theconduits.

5. A sidewalk composed of brick tiles having drain-passages, sidegrooves, a glazed surface and openings extending through said groovesand through the surface and communicating with the drain-passages.

6. A sidewalk, Hoor or pavement, composed of brick tiles having conduitsltherein, side grooves, drain-channels in the surface thereof, andopenings leading from said channels into said conduits.

7. A sidewalk composed of brick tiles having conduits therein, sidegrooves, air-ducts in said grooves, air and drainage openingscommunicating with said conduits,and means connecting the conduits witha gutter.

8. A brck-tile-block for paving and other purposes, comprising a hollowbody portion, grooves at the sides thereof, transverse openingsleadinginto said hollow body portion, and a drainage-channel in theupper surface thereof extending its entire length.

9. A sidewalk composed of brick tile having drain-passages andVentilating-openings therein, in combination with a hollow curbing, thehollow portion thereof communicating with the drain-passages in thebrick tile, substantially as described.

10. A sidewalk composed of brick tile having longitudinaldraining-conduits and ventilating-openings communicating therewith, incombination with a metal curbing having a conduit therein, which conduitcommunicates with the conduits of the tile, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

DAVID WILEY ANDERSON.

Witnesses:

C. G. PETTIT, J r., C. E. ANDERSON.

